Reference:
Bramante, C. T., Huling, J. D., Tignanelli, C. J., Buse, J. B., Liebovitz, D. M., Nicklas, J. M., Cohen, K., Puskarich, M. A., Belani, H. K., Proper, J. L., Siegel, L. K., Klatt, N. R., Odde, D. J., Luke, D. G., Anderson, B., Karger, A. B., Ingraham, N. E., Hartman, K. M., Rao, V., Hagen, A. A., Patel, B., Fenno, S. L., Avula, N., Reddy, N. V., Erickson, S. M., Lindberg, S., Fricton, R., Lee, S., Zaman, A., Saveraid, H. G., Tordsen, W. J., Pullen, M. F., Biros, M., Sherwood, N. E., Thompson, J. L., Boulware, D. R., & Murray, T. A. (2022). Randomized trial of Metformin, Ivermectin, and Fluvoxamine for Covid-19. The New England Journal of Medicine, 387(7), 599-610. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2201662
Summary:
This phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy of metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine in preventing severe COVID-19 in non-hospitalised adults. Conducted with 1431 participants aged 30-85, the study found no significant benefit from any drug on preventing hypoxemia, emergency visits, hospitalisation, or death. Metformin showed
a potential reduction in severe outcomes as a secondary effect, but results were inconclusive and necessitate further research. The trial highlights the need for effective outpatient treatments amidst waning vaccine efficacy and emerging variants.