Reference:
Nakagami, H. (2021). Development of COVID-19 vaccines utilizing gene therapy technology. International Immunology, 33(10), 521–527. https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxab013
Summary:
The article discusses the urgent development of COVID-19 vaccines in response to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Various vaccine technologies are being explored, categorised into four main groups: intact target viruses, proteins, viral vectors, and nucleic acids. RNA and adenovirus vector vaccines have been fast-tracked for approval and are the first licensed vaccines developed using RNA technology against infectious diseases. While highly effective in preventing COVID-19 for a limited time, ongoing safety and efficacy evaluations are crucial. As of the article’s publication, over ten vaccine candidates were in phase 3 trials, with several receiving emergency use approvals globally. The discussion highlights the challenges faced in vaccine development, including ensuring a strong immune response while minimising potential risks associated with vaccine-induced responses. The author emphasises the importance of continuous monitoring and research to ensure the long-term efficacy and safety of these vaccines.