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Ethics, Excess deaths, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Statistical evidence, Vaccine safety & adverse events, Vaccines

FDA-Approved Prescription Drugs Withdrawn for Safety Reasons

| | Ethics, Excess deaths, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Statistical evidence, Vaccine safety & adverse events, Vaccines

Reference: ProCon.org. (2021). FDA-approved prescription drugs later pulled from the market by the FDA. Retrieved from https://prescriptiondrugs.procon.org/fda-approved-prescription-drugs-later-pulled-from-the-market/ Summary: The article by ProCon.org discusses various prescription drugs that were once FDA-approved but later withdrawn from the market due to safety concerns. The FDA’s role in drug removal is highlighted, emphasising that drugs are typically pulled when […]

COVID-19, Ethics, Other repurposed substances, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Treatment, Viral illnesses

The Retraction of a Controversial Study on COVID-19 Treatments

| | COVID-19, Ethics, Other repurposed substances, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Treatment, Viral illnesses

Reference: Mehra, M. R., Desai, S. S., Ruschitzka, F., & Patel, A. N. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: A multinational registry analysis. The Lancet, published online May 22, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31180-6 Summary: In June 2020, The Lancet announced the retraction of a significant study assessing the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine

COVID-19, Covid-19 vaccines, Ethics, Reference Library, Vaccine effectiveness, Vaccine safety & adverse events, Vaccines, Viral illnesses

Guidance on COVID-19 Vaccine Development

| | COVID-19, Covid-19 vaccines, Ethics, Reference Library, Vaccine effectiveness, Vaccine safety & adverse events, Vaccines, Viral illnesses

Reference: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2020). Contains nonbinding recommendations: Development and licensure of vaccines to prevent COVID-19 guidance for industry. Food and Drug Administration. Summary: In June 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued guidance to assist the development and licensure of COVID-19 vaccines amidst the public health emergency. This

COVID-19, Ethics, Other repurposed substances, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Treatment, Viral illnesses

Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine in COVID-19 Treatment: A Multinational Analysis

| | COVID-19, Ethics, Other repurposed substances, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Treatment, Viral illnesses

Reference: Mehra, M. R., Desai, S. S., Ruschitzka, F., & Patel, A. N. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: A multinational registry analysis. The Lancet, 395(10240), 1820-1830. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31180-6 Summary: The study evaluates the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, either alone or in combination with macrolides, in treating COVID-19

Ethics, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Treatment

South African Good Clinical Practice Guidelines: Overview

| | Ethics, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type, Treatment

Reference: Department of Health. (2020). South African Good Clinical Practice: Clinical Trial Guidelines (3rd ed.). Pretoria, South Africa. Summary: The South African Good Clinical Practice (SA GCP) Guidelines, first established in 2006 and revised in 2020, provide a framework for conducting ethical and scientifically sound clinical trials within South Africa. Mandated by national health legislation,

Ethics, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

The Business of Academic Publishing: A Critical Examination

| | Ethics, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

Reference: Smith, R. (2018). The business of academic publishing: “a catastrophe”. The Lancet, 392, 1186-1187. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32489-3 Summary: The documentary Paywall: The Business of Scholarship critiques the profit-driven nature of academic publishing, highlighting that publishers earn exorbitant profit margins by capitalising on free academic content. Interviews with nearly 70 academics reveal a consensus that the system

Ethics, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

Progress in Evidence-Based Medicine: A Historical Perspective

| | Ethics, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

Reference: Djulbegovic, B., & Guyatt, G. H. (2017). Progress in evidence-based medicine: A quarter century on. The Lancet, 390(10091), 415-423. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31592-6 Summary: This article traces the evolution of evidence-based medicine (EBM) over 25 years, highlighting its origins in the early 1990s and initial focus on educating clinicians on the use of published research. EBM has

Ethics, Reference Library

Ethics in Health Research: Principles, Processes and Structures

| | Ethics, Reference Library

Reference: National Health Research Ethics Council. (2015). Ethics in health research: Principles, processes and structures. Pretoria, South Africa: Department of Health. Summary: The document outlines the ethical guidelines for health research in South Africa, emphasising the need for ethical scrutiny to protect participants’ rights and welfare. It acknowledges South Africa’s unique health context, which necessitates

Ethics, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

Understanding Levels of Evidence in Evidence-Based Medicine

| | Ethics, Peer-reviewed evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

Reference: Burns, P. B., Rohrich, R. J., & Chung, K. C. (2011). The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 128(1), 305–310. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e318219c171 Summary: This article discusses the importance of the hierarchical system of evidence levels in evidence-based medicine (EBM), particularly in plastic surgery. Originating from a 1979 report

Ethics, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

Risk Communication in Healthcare

| | Ethics, Other scientific evidence, Reference Library, Resource Type

Reference: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration. (2011). Communicating risks and benefits: An evidence-based user’s guide. Retrieved from FDA website Summary: The guide emphasises the importance of effective risk communication in healthcare, highlighting that organisations must provide clear, evidence-based information regarding the risks and benefits of products and services. It

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